大家的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法怎么樣呢?小編接下來(lái)會(huì)跟大家介紹一些這個(gè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法，接下來(lái)，小編給大家準(zhǔn)備了直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ),歡迎大家參考與借鑒。

　　直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)

　　定義：

　　直接引語(yǔ)：直接引用別人的原話，并在原話前后加引號(hào)。

　　例：He said1:" It is too late."

　　間接引語(yǔ)：用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，多數(shù)以賓語(yǔ)從句的形式構(gòu)成。

　　例：He said it was2 too late.

　　直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)相互轉(zhuǎn)化時(shí)應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題

　　第一：人稱的變化。

　　主語(yǔ)為第一人稱的直接引語(yǔ)，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，人稱要做相應(yīng)調(diào)整。

　　例如：

　　直接引語(yǔ) She said:" I am hungry."

　　間接引語(yǔ) She said she was hungry.

　　直接引語(yǔ) Mum said to me:" You must clean your bedroom by yourself3."

　　間接引語(yǔ) Mum told me that I had4 to clean my bedroom by myself5.

　　第二：時(shí)態(tài)變化

　　直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)要與主句的時(shí)態(tài)一致。其規(guī)律如下圖。

　　注意：

　　1.直接引語(yǔ)為客觀真理時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)不變，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

　　例如：Teacher told us:" The moon moves round the earth6."

　　Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth.

　　2.直接引語(yǔ)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)并且與具體時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)仍用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

　　例如：She said:" I went to England in 1998."

　　She said she went to England in 1998.

　　3.主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候，間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)不變。

　　He says:" I bought you a book yesterday."

　　He says that he bought me a book yesterday.

　　第三：指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的變化。

　　第四：句式上的變化

　　1.陳述句變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用that連接。

　　如：She said:" I am a girl."

　　She said that she was a girl. (that可以省略)

　　2.一般疑問(wèn)句，選擇疑問(wèn)句和反意疑問(wèn)句變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用陳述語(yǔ)氣，并要加連詞if或whether。

　　例如：She asked me:" Are you Mr. Li?"

　　She asked me if I was Mr. Li.

　　She asked us:" Do you want to go on a picnic?"

　　She asked us if we wanted to go on a picnic.

　　3.特殊疑問(wèn)句變間接引語(yǔ)要用特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)。

　　例如："How much have we spent on petrol7 this year," Susan asked her husband8.

　　Susan asked her husband how much they had spent on petrol that year.

　　4.祈使句變間接引語(yǔ)，一改二變?nèi)铀娜ァ?/p>

　　一改：said (to) 改為asked或told, ordered等

　　二變：said to 的賓語(yǔ)或呼語(yǔ)變?yōu)閍sked等的賓語(yǔ)

　　三加：即在動(dòng)詞原形前加to，使成為動(dòng)詞不定式

　　四去：去掉please

　　例：He said to her:" Don't take the book away."

　　He asked her not take the book away.

　　5.感嘆句變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)

　　"What awful9 weather it is!" she said.

　　She complained10 about the awful weather.

　　"What a bright girl you are." He said to me.

　　He praised11 me that I was a bright girl.

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